College of Technology, Pantnagar

Uses of instruments and scales: Drawing board, T-squares, mini-drafter, set squares, compass, divider, fresh curves etc. Free hand and technical lettering, Types of lines thickness and shades of lines, single stroke and gothic letters and dimensioning, Geometrical constructions: division of lines and curves, regular polygons, different types of curves, tangents, lengths of arcs. Different types of scales: Simple and diagonal Scales Theory of projections; orthographic projections, planes of projection, four quadrants, first angle and third angle projections, conventions adopted. Projections: points, straight lines and planes, auxiliary planes, solids, true length of lines and its inclinations with the reference planes traces of a line. Section of solids: section planes, true shape of sections. Development of surfaces of solids: cubes, prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Intersection of surfaces and inter-penetration of solids: Lines of isometric scale, isometric projections, definition of perspective elements, station point, picture planes, vanishing point, different methods of perspective projection.